(c)  騭, ᪢

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                      ZX Spectrum ᥣ
                      

("ணࠬ" 8/2001)

    ,   ࠢ쭮 ⠫;  ZX Spectrum. 
猪 - 㦥 蠫  ⮬ ⥫쭮 ;
  ,       ᢮ 
ணࠬ.
      ६,  ᠬ ᮢ६ ᫨⥫ ⥬
 ॢ訬 १ ⠭ , ZX Spectrum -
騩 ⥫:      ᢥ 諮
  ⪠ ,   த 짮 -  
-,   ࠧ  ᨨ  ࠭ .


1982-2001: ⪮  


     ZX Spectrum - .  ⠬,  ५ 1982 ,
, ࠧࠡ뢠訩  Sinclair Research LTD
   ZX82,   ।⠢ 㡫.
孨᪨ ࠪ⨪   ⥬ ६  祭
﫨 ( Z80 3,5 ; 16  ROM; 16  48  RAM;
 256*192 16 梥⮢; 砥  ⥫; ⥫
 ⭮ ).  ZX Spectrum  襢,  
 뭮: ⮫쪮   ஢ த ⨣ 12-15
 ஢  ,  ஬ ⮣,  த 
祬  30 ࠭  ᥬ .
      1985  뫠 饭  ᮢ襭 ,
ZX Spectrum 128:  媠 몠 ᮯ஬,
㢥祭  128   ( ன  
࠭)  襭 ஬ ᨪ.
      80- - 砫 90-   砫 ᮢ
ந⢮ Spectrum-ᮢ⨬ ஢. , 
 ZX Spectrum,        (, "ᮢ⨬"
Spectrum' ࠧ , 祬 "ଥ";   ᠬ 
⮫ ⮨ "⠣-128" -   "ᮢ⨬" ...).
    ⥯  ⠫ ᭠ ᪮, 
    㣨 ⥫ :
訩 ࠧ , ᮢ⨬  CP/M, ⥫
᪨ ०,  ࠡ  ஬ 
...   Spectrum-ᮢ⨬ ஢
ந  ᥩ.  ࠧࠡ⠭  த
ࠧࠡ뢠 ᫥ 奬 ࠡ⮪ 㦥 
஢ - 騥 㢥 , த⢨,
᪨  몠 ,  ࠧ
譨 ன⢠.
     ⠪ ZX Spectrum    祫⨥.


⥪


     ⥪ ZX Spectrum  ᪠ 쭮 ⪮, 
஡ ⠭   ᮡ  ⠫.
    .  㦥 㯮 , 뢠  Z80.
來 設  - 8 , 設  - 16. 
饣 祭 8-ࠧ來,    ࠡ 
 ॣࠬ    16-ࠧ來 ("ॣ஢ ").
  -  1  4 , ६ 믮 -  4  23
⠪⮢.
    饭  譨 ன⢠ ந室 ।⢮
⮢ -뢮.   ࠡ⪨ 뢠
 ⨯: ᪨㥬  ᪨㥬.
    . Z80  ।⢥ ᮢ  64 
.  ZX Spectrum  16   , 孨 48  -
. প 襣   ⢫  
࠭筮 堭:  ࠧ  16-
⪨ - ࠭,   롨,   ࠭  㤥
祭   16  ᭮ ࠭⢠,  
 ࠭  -  孨 16 .    
   16   ,  ,   
ᯮ짮  CP/M.
    ।⠢ 䨪. , ,  ਣ쭠
⠫ ⥪ ZX Spectrum. 16-梥⭮ ࠦ 256*192
    ᥬ ! ᬮਬ,  
砥. ࠦ ࠭    ᠬ 4000h-57FFh
( ᥫ)  5800h-5AFFh ( ਡ⮢). 
࠭   ZX Spectrum 128  ⠪  ,
 ᯮ  㣮 ࠭ .
     窠   ⮬   ᥫ.
ࠦ ࠧ   (8*8 ᥫ),  
 ᮮ⢥     ਡ⮢: ⠬
 梥 ink ( ᥫ)  paper (몫祭
ᥫ),  ⠪ ਧ 襭 મ  栭. 
ࠧ, 䠪᪨    饥 梥⭮ ࠦ,
 襭 ୮-.
      ࠦ ᯮ   梥 -
.   ⮬,  ZX Spectrum ஥஢  ⮬
 祭  ⥫,  ⠬ ᮪ ᪠  
࠭.
     ணࠬ஢ 뢮  ࠭  
ᨭ஭樨  ஢ ࠧ⪮ ( ᪨㥬
뢠 室  ࠧ   砫 ᮢ
। ),  祬 ᯥ稢 ᪫⥫쭠
 樨.
    ᪮ 䥩.  ࠧࠡ⠭ ᪮쪮,   ࠭
 稫 ࠭   - Beta Disk.  
ᯮ짮  1  4 ᪮ 5,25"  3,5",  ࠡ 
 ⭮ . ᭮ 䥩 - ப஫
93, 믮騩  樨 (樮஢,
⥭/ ᥪ...). 樨 ⥭   ந室
 ।⢥ ⨨ 業ࠫ쭮 .
    몠 ᮯ (AY8910/12  YM2149F) - ⮩
媠 FM-ᨭ⥧, 騩  ( AY8912 - )
㭠ࠢ 8-ࠧ來  -뢮.
     - 40  58 ,  祣 ᪮쪮-
᭮...
    ⨪.  ZX Spectrum   祭   
⨪,   ६頥   ࠢ
㪮⪨  ⢥ .
    . 筮 ᯮ ⠪ 뢠 ᨢ , ..
  뢠 (䥩 Kempston mouse). 
न      ६,  
ᨭ஭樨 ᮢ    ஢ ࠧ⪮
 㤥  祭  ( ⫨稥  PC - ⠬, ᫨
ਣ拉, ,      
ࠧ).


ணࠬ஢


    ணࠬ  ZX Spectrum    ᨪ (
 室  ),  ⠪  㣨 몠
᮪ ஢ (᪠, C, , ஫, ...),  
ᯮ 쬠 ।.  ᮧ 設⢠ ""
ணࠬ ਬ ᥬ: ⮫쪮 ⠪  
讣 ࠧ ணࠬ (  ZX Spectrum ,
        )  ᮪ ᪮
 ࠡ (ᯮ   த⢨).
      ணࠬ  ᥬ? 筮  ⮣
ᯮ ⥣஢ ।: ।,  (
  뢠    ᫮ "ᥬ")  ⫠稪.
     ᥬ஢   ⪠.  
 ॡ   - ⮡ ᪮ 樨 뫠 
 ,  室   ࠭ 室 ⥪
㥬 ணࠬ -   .  ⮣ 室
⥪ 筮 ࠭  ᯥ樠쭮 "⮪஢" ଠ,
  祣   ᮪頥  2-3 ࠧ.
    ⫠ ணࠬ ந, ⢥,  
⫠稪. 筮 ᯮ ⫠稪 STS,  
ਬ    ᥬ஬ (⮣  ⫠ 
  ᫮ 祭 ⮪ ᨬ), ⠪ 
⤥쭮 (᫨, ᪠,  ᥬ 㦥  墠⠥ 
 ).
     . 1.    室 ⥪ ⮩ ணࠬ
⪨ ࠭, ࠭  ᥬ ZX ASM,   . 2
,   ணࠬ,  㦥 ⪮஢,
룫廊  ⫠稪 STS.

          Ŀ    Ŀ
          1.scr                 2.scr             
                                                  
                                                  
                                                  
              
                 . 1                  . 2

    ᫨   ⠭  TURBO-90 - ⠭
 ᯮ짮 騩   ⫠稪, 
뢠   ६   ᯥ樠쭮 ,
饩 ᪨㥬 뢠.   "⥭
⫠稪"   Spectrum-ᮢ⨬  Scorpion.
    㬥,   ᢮ ᯮ殮 PC,  ᯮ짮
 ᠭ ᯥ㬮᪨ ணࠬ -ᥬ  
 ஥ ⫠稪;  ⮬  ਤ  
࠭祭 ࠧ஢ 室 ⥪⮢   ᪮ 樨.
  ᯮᮡ ਬ   쭮 ।.
    ᠭ ணࠬ  ZX Spectrum  ᥬ 
㢥祭   騬 ⢮. ⮡
ணࠬ 砫 ⪨  묨, 室
ᯮ짮 ⢮ 񬮢 ⨬樨,  쬠
:
    - ࠭ ⥩ ணࠬ    㯠 
       ᯠ   室;
    - ᯮ짮 ᠬ饣 ;
    - ᯮ짮 ⪮ ணࠬ   ⢥ 
      , ⠪   ⢥ ;
    - ᯮ짮     ⠪ 楫,
       , ⭮,   ॢ  ࠧࠡ稪
      (᪠,  ࠡ  ⥪ - PUSH  POP -
      ᯮ  ன 뫪  : ⠪
      ᯮᮡ 뢠 ॥, 祬 ᯮ짮 ᯥ樠쭮
      ।祭  ⮩ 楫  LDIR  LDDR);
    - ᯮ짮 ᫥ 㬥஢ 
      ...
     饬,    ᪠  !


ணࠬ ᯥ祭


    ,   㬨ࠥ,    
 ணࠬ.  ⮬  ZX Spectrum 
ᯮᮡ:    ஬ ⢮ ᠬ
ࠧࠧ ணࠬ,     -
!
     ᮢ६ Spectrum-ᮢ⨬  ⭮
魥 ᪮ ZX Spectrum 128 -  䨣,
筠  ࠡ 饣 設⢠ ணࠬ,
த ⠢ : 128K/AY/Beta Disk.  ⮩
樨,  ᫮  PC -  짮⥫ 
ﭭ ३ ᢮ , ⮡ ᪠ ᢥ
.
    ᪠   ࠧࠧ ணࠬ,  ᮦ,
   ; ⮬ ஡ ⠭ 
  ⥣ਨ - .  ᥪ,    
ਢ   ;   ஬ 
  ਮ⠫ ZX Spectrum,  ணࠬ஢
稭 㦥 ⮬;  - ⮡ ⠢ "ᬥ⨥" 
ࠢ ...
    饥 設⢮  - 㡥. 筮 
⢮  ,  ਥ஢筮 - 5-10
. । ந⥫ - ⠪  ஢ ਨ,
 Sega, Ocean, Konami, Code Masters (ᯮ ਠ
"DIZZY"!), Virgin, Activision...

          Ŀ    Ŀ
          game_1.scr            game_2.scr        
                                                  
                                                  
                                                  
              

    ᫨ ࠭   室  짮⥫, ன १
㪨 堪஢ (ன 訢 ⠢  ⥫
஢),  ⥯    ਣ ᨨ,
ࠧ᪠   ୥   tzx-䠩, ᮤঠ 
 ଠ樨, ⠭  ଥ .
    ,     ᮧ ணࠬ⠬ 
ex-USSR.   , ७  㣨  (Prince of
Persia, UFO, UFO II, Mortal Kombat),   ਣ
("񧤭 ᫥", " ஭", "ઠ", "Crime of the
Santa Claus: Deja Vu"). 㬥,   ᫨ 
ᠬ 뤠騥 ࠧࠡ⪨.
     ⥬ ணࠬ ᪠  .  ZX Spectrum
  ⥪⮢ । (     ᥩ  
),  ᪨,  몠 (⠪ 뢠
"४"); 㭨樮 ணࠬ, ।⢠ ࠧࠡ⪨
(ᥬ, ⫠稪), 㦥 ⨫ (䠩 窨,
娢, ...).  ᥣ   롮
 -  ணࠬ,    : 䠩
祪,  ਬ,  ᪮쪮 ⪮.





      ஢  ᪠ ணࠬ  ZX
Spectrum     - ⠪,  PC  AMiGA.
஢  ⪨ (⥫쭠   
ᠭ 訬 ᮮ⢥); ⫨   
㣠 ⢮ 樨, ⢮ ন ଠ⮢
࠭ ᯥ㬮᪨ ணࠬ, ஢ ⥬ ॡ
 稥 ⥫ ⥩.
    ।  ,   , ஢ ZX
Spectrum  PC -  ⬥ ZX Emul, R80, X128,
RealSpectrum, UKV;  AMiGA - CBSpeccy.
     -   㤮 ॠ쭮 ZX Spectrum. ,
  ࠭ ᯥ㬮᪨ ணࠬ    ᪥
 ,     -᪥ -  , 
  ᮢ ᪨ - ணࠬ   訡
㧪.       砥, ᫨  
ᯮ짮 ᥬ ⢮ ணࠬ,   ୥:
  室   "" ଠ, ७
  ॠ ZX Spectrum ।⠢ ⥫
᫮.
    , ࠧ㬥,  ஢  ᢮ ⪨.  筮
 ࠡ ॠ쭮 ZX Spectrum   砥: 
 " ⠪",  ࠦ,   -... 
㤭   ७ᮬ ணࠬ: 뢠,  ᠭ  ZX
Spectrum ᪥  㤠   PC.     PC
⫨砥  ᯥ㬮᪮...
     䥪⨢,  , ᮢ ᯮ짮
ॠ쭮 ZX Spectrum  ஢,  ࠢ 롮
  ⭮ 砥.


ZX Spectrum  ୥


     ୥  ZX Spectrum   㪢쭮 : ,
, 㬥, ᠭ   ⢮ 㣮
 ଠ樨. ⮢,  ZX Spectrum, ⭨!
ਢ  ᪮쪮 뫮   :
    - www.void.demon.nl/spectrum.html (The World of Spectrum);
    - www.zx.ru (ZX software museum);
    - zx.da.ru (Virtual TRDOS);
    - www.nvg.ntnu.no/sinclair/planet/index.html (The Planet
      Sinclair);
    - scenergy.nm.ru (ᠩ Scenergy - । 祣, ⠬
      㯭 ᢥ ).
      -  ୥ ন ZX Spectrum "
", ᯥ稢  ⨢ ࠭
ணࠬ   ଠ樥.  짮⥫   ᮪
஢ 室  㤥 ६⥫ ࠧ   室
 ୥-, ⮡   ﬨ  ᪠
᫥  ணࠬ ᯥ祭 (,  
᮫⭮ 設⢥ freeware,   ࠧ  ).
         ୥   ᠬ ZX Spectrum?
 ⮣,    ७, ᭮ ᫥饥:   ZX
Spectrum  ணࠬ, ন 室 ⥢
⮪.   ⠭ , ᫨  
ணࠬ -  ନ   㣮
  ⠭   UNIX- .


饭 ᯥ㬨⮢


      ZX Spectrum  ⢥  ᢮ ,
 ﬨ, ⢮  ᨨ, ࠭
᢮ ࠧࠡ⪨?  ⮬    ஭ ।⢠
㭨樨.  ୥ - IRC- #Z80.   FidoNet -
 -७樨: ZX.SPECTRUM (ᠬ "⠡"),
REAL.SPECCY (񭭠 "ॠ" ࠬ,  
ࠬ), SPB.SPECCY  KHARKOV.SPECTRUM.
      ᯥ㬨⮢  ᢮  - ZXNet.   
७樨,  ணࠬ஢ (CODE.ZX), ⭮
ᯥ祭 (ZX.HARDWARE), 㦤  (ZXNET.SOFT), 
(SPBZXNET.GAMES), 모 (MUSIC.ZX),  㣨.


Demoparty


    ⮡ ஡ ᪠  ⮬,  ⠪ demoparty,
ॡ ⤥쭠  , ⮬  ⮪.
ணࠬ,  㤮  몠  ࠢ
᢮ ⢮७ -  ? ⥫  㢨  ࠡ
 .    ᮡ, ᬠਢ ࠡ,
  । ⥫.
    筮  demoparty ஢ ⠪  (compo): Demo
(᪨ 䥪  ,  易 饩 ),
Intro (  ,   ࠭祭 ࠧ ணࠬ - 
ZX Spectrum  ᥣ 512 , 1 , 4 , 16 ),  ⠪
 Graphic, Music  㣨.
      demoparty 2000 ,   
।⠢ ZX Spectrum: Forever 2e3 (Trencin, ),
Paradox (⮢--), Millennium (), Chaos
Constructions (-), ZX Party (Wroclaw, ).
 ⠡  ,  ᮬ, Chaos Constructions -
 ࠧ 業,  ⮬ party ⢮  400  600
⭨  ⥫.
     ⮬  㦥 諨 demoparty "Forever", "ASCii",
"Paradox", "Millennium";   ⮬,  ⮨ "Chaos
Constructions".   -    㠫 party, 
࠭ ࠡ  ᮢ ந室 ।⢮
 ⥩.


ZX-


     㤥   㯮  ।⢠ ᮢ
ଠ樨,  ZX Spectrum /   ⮩
ଥ.
       樨 뢠  80 ஭
  ୠ  ZX Spectrum.     ᥩ, 
  ⥬   !    㯭 த
室 ᢮ ஭ ,  뢠,    . 
 ⠪  -   祭 ᫮; 뫨  ਠ.
   ࠭ ஡  : 筮 ᢥ
᪨ 뫠   (Internet, FIDONet, ZXNet) 
몫뢠  ᯥ㬮᪨ ᠩ.
        - ୠ "⥫. 
", ॣ୮ ⤠騩 ਬ୮ ⢥  
ਠ  ZX Spectrum,  室    "",
 񭭠 ZX Spectrum.
